Sometimes you read about the oppression of the Latin American countries at the hands of Spain, or the United States. Sometimes you read about the oppression of the Latin poor by their own aristochratic, monopolistic ruling classes.
Of course there's no one single answer to Who Is Responsible for The Poverty of the Latin Poor? But The question is an important one for understanding one's relation to those poor, whether one is from the U.S., Spain, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Norway, Iran, etc.
Are the precolonial Indian tribes responsible for the current poverty of the Latin poor? Why weren't they wiser to keep their gold, to dedicate themselves to learning about the arriving adventurers and forming mutually beneficial relationships with them? Or did those tribes actually form mutually beneficial relationships with those newcomers?